Turbine-governing mechanism.



:UNITED 'srans rariinr ernten.

JAMES WILKINSON,.OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO WILKINSON TURBINE COMPANY, A COI-{PORATION OF ALABAMA.'

TURBINE-GovEF-mme- MscHANnsm.

Specification of LettBrsEatent. Application ned July 10,1905. serai so, 269,047.

Patented July 17, 1906.

T (LZ1 wiom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES WILKINSON, a

- citizen of the United States, residing at Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented new and useful Improvements in Turbine Governing Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to controller mechan-v ism for elastic-fluid turbines.

One featureof my present invention consists in improvementsupon the fluid-pres- I in Letters Patent No. 766,921, issued to me .15

sure-controll er means illustrated and claimed August 9, 1904,. In that patent I provide a governor-shifted rotating'cam which oscilates a reciprocatory controller-nozzle having a substantially circular jet end.

According to my invention I provide an improved cam-controller mechanism especially adapted to operate a rotary guide-nozzle, such as is claimedin a pendin application. I also improve the design o the controller-nozzle and casing by providin former with an oblong jet end which de ivers an oblong stream of fluid into conduits for the controller fluid, which are preferably ing and the conduit not acted upon by they formed as passages in a block connected to the casing. The effectiveness of the controller-nozzle'is increasedlb -the novel arrangement of the controlleruid conduits on each side of the exhaust or ejector ort. The nozzle is designed so that it will discharge a jet of fluid into the exhaust port or passage throughout its trav'el, thereby producing a good ejector action at all times, which tends to' lower the pressure in both controller-cas- J A further'object of my presentinvention is to provid a novelvalve-for controlling the admission of motor fluid te a nozzle or engine port. This valve is illustrated as hollow and cylindrical in form, with one head disposed in a dash-pot chamber'to which the supplypressure has access through the valve and also around it when open. The valve is adapted to close against the stream vof fluid flowing through the inlet-port under its control. As the hollow valve is moved b its motor against this stream thefiuid hind it in the dash-pot chamber, where its pressure acts against the enlarged end of the the ows ,throughthel 'valve and banks uppressure bevalve disposed in that chamber to assist in closing the valve and to hold it firmly a ainst its seats when closed. When the va veis seated, the pressure behind it acts to close the valve tightly against the two beveIed valve-seats, one in the dash-pot chamber and the other around the inlet-port. The valve ansm as seek toobtain the benefits of its operation without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, illustrative of my invention and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a nozzled portion of a turbine and a controller-"chamber, show- `will be substantially balanced when open,

ing the valve in side elevation and the o erating mechanisml for the controller-nozz e in end' elevation. operatin zle and i thereof.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the mechanism for the controller-nozustrates the governors adjustment Figs. 8 and 4 are detail views of the loose ring which transmits the movements of the controller-bar to the controller-nozzle. Fig. 5 is an end view of the nozzle-valve. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative conformation of the sup ly and jet ends of the controller-nozzle an inlet ends of controller-passages.

Similar reference-numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawin s.

The improved valve an its controller mechanism are apicable to various types of motors. In the rawin s they are used to vcontrol the admission o iiuidressure to a nozzle-passage 1 of an elasticuid turbine7 of which only a supply-head 2 and bucketwheel 8 are shownfor the sake of illustration. A bowl4 for the nozzle is formed in the head and communicates with a motor-.iuid-supply assage 5, preferably formed in a detachable block 6, secured to the head and forming a LOD IOS

valveand motor casing. Motor fluid enters assage througha ort 7 in an end of the block disposed at rig t angles to passage 5 and provided with a beveled face 8 at its inner end, which constitutes a seat for the beveled head 9 of the nozzle-valve 10.

The valve 10 is in the form of a hollow cylindrical shell formed with an enlarged head 11 and a beveled face 12, which are disposed in what I term the dash-pot chamberl 13. This chamber forms an inn'er reduced extension of the valve-motor chamber which enters the block at its end opposite port 7. A

racking-compartment formed by the circuar plates 14 and 15 andan interposed spacerring 16 separates the dash-pot chaniber from Athe motor-chamber and is provided with packing 17, surrounding the piston-stem'lS, which is connected at one end to spiders 19, connected to or integral with the valve 10, and at its other end to a piston 20. The piston is disposed Vwithin a cylinder 21. formed by a cylindrical shell closed at its outer end by an integral head 22 and provided with external threads, by means of which itis adapted to be screwed into the motor-chamber in the block. For this purpose the chamber is threaded at 23vand is also chann viled around its outer end toreceivepacking24,interposedv between the head -22 o the cylinder and the block to prevent any leakage around the shell.

The body ortion of the valve 10 passes freely throug an opening in the dash-pot chambercpposite to the fluid-admission port 7, its hea lock 9 lbeing adapted to engage the beveled seat 8 and cut off communication between port 7 and assage 5. As the Huid-pressure will flow 'eely through the -hollow valve after it is seatled and will establish itself in the dash-pot chamber behind the head 11 of the valve, it is necessary to provide means to prevent thel leakage of this pressure'around valve 10 when closed intoitself.

' It will be noted that headll of the valve fits closely in chamber 13 without being a tight fit. As the valve moves'to close, the fluid between the faces 25 and 12 will become compressed, since the valve will move faster than it can leak out of the chamber .past the valve 10 or escape around head 11 and will therefore act as a dash-pot to check or retard 4the valves movement as it seats itself.

To dash-pot the valve as it moves in opposite direction, I provide its head 11 with a recess 2e, which passes over a circular projection 27, carried by the packing-plate 15. Av

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short chamber Will be formed between the projection 27 and the sides of the chamber 13, into which the annular shouldered end of the head 11 enters, the parts iitting vclosely enough to act as a dash-pet to retard the valves movement at the end of its openin travel. The valve is substantially ba ance@ when open, as the pressure has access to ell sides of it. l/Vhen closed, however, it is unbalanced, as pressure will act against the head 11, While the faces 9 and 12 of the valve are -firmly seated and are-therefore not exposed to the pressure. This insuresl the valve'being hel firmly to its seat. As the valve is moved. toits closed position against the stream -of fluid, the ower required to elifeet this is lessened by t e fact that the fluid tends to rush through the valveand bank up p behind it in the chamber 13.

rlhe fluid-pressure-controller 'mechanism e for the valve comprises a controller-'chamber 28, formed in a casing 29 into one end of' which is inserted a stationary nozzle 30 and into'the other end of which a block 31 is secured and provided with three passages 32, 33, and 34, leading therethrough. Fluid under pressure flows in a jet through. the stationary nozzles 3() into the chamber 28, Where it enters the circular admission end of a guide-nozzle 36, formed in a rotatable 'carrier 37, journaled in the sides of the casing.

The discharge or jet end 38 of the Guide-nose' zle is oblong Vin shape, the nozZ e-passage gradually changin from the'circular shape at its admission en at its jet end, as illustrated in Fig. 6. T e admission ends ofthe passages 32, 33, and 34 to a narrow oblong sha 3e;

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are disposed as closel together as ossible, v

knife-edge partitions ividing the mi dle passage 34 from the passages'on either side. Plpes i 39 and 40 connect with the ends of the passages 32 and 33 and with ports 41 and 42, leading.y

through the block 6 and motor-cylinder casing at opposite ends thereof. The middle pas sage 34' connects with a pipe 43, which leads to a small nozzle-passage 44,formed in the head and discharging fluid-pressure against the bucket-wheel 3. 'A coupling 45 may be used to make a tight joint between the pipe 43 and the admission end ofthe no Zzle-pass age 44. This intermediatepassage 34 constitutes what I term the exhaust or ejector passage,while the assages and are passages for the va ire-controlling fluid-pressure.

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e'eaees right end of the cylinder and is exhausting the pressure through passage 32 from the left end of the cylinder.

The operating mechanism for the guidenozzle, which is similar in operation to that described and claimed in a pending application, Serial No. 288,779, comprises a stem 46, connectedto the nozzle-carrier and leading through a packing-gland 47 in the side ofthe casing 29. This gland may be made removable, so that the carrier may be insertedv therethrough, or one side of thecasing 29 may be detachable. Near its outer end the stem 46 is s uaredbeyond which point it is reduced an rounded to'where it enters a bearing 48, suitably supported on the turbine-frame or otherwise. A ring 49, loosely mounted on the controller-b ar 50,` is provided with an arm 51, having a squared opening therein which slips over the reduced end of c the stem 46 and on the squared portion thereof, where it is held by a nut 52, threaded onto y the reduced portion of the stem. This ring will therefore be rigidly connected to the carrier-stem, and any oscillatory movements of the ring' will be imparted to the carrier to move t e guide-nozzle over the controllerpassage: The controller-bar 50 has a wheel 53 rotatably mounted thereon between suitable guides and adapted to ride on a cam 54, driven by a stem 55in any suitable manner from the turbine-shaft or from a separate motor. rI`his cam is formed like the cam shown and described in m f Letters Patent No. 766,921 and providecf with an enlarged ortion 56 of equal diameter throughout, w 'ch is of spiral conformation relatively to the reduced .portion 57 of the cam, which is also of uniform diameter. The wheel 53 may be rotatably mounted on bar 56 in any desiredV manner. As shown, it rides o n antifrictionballs 58 and is held against lateral displacement by the stops 59, formed by rings fixed to the bar or shoulders integral therewith; The Wheel and bar are freely supported by the cam and ring 49, through which the bar 50 slips freely.- As the cam is rotated in its bearing 60, the wheel may ride either entirely upon the surface 56 or the surface 57, or parts of-the time on each, when it will be lraised and lowered, as indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 2. i The position of the wheel upon the cam .is determined by a speed-governor 61, which rocks a bell-crank lever 62, pivoted on a fixed stud 63, through the arc indicated in dotted lines, Fig. 2. t its lower end this bell-crank lever 62 is loosely connected to the controller-bar 50 and acts to move thesame and its wheel 53 to any desired operatingpoint relative to the cam 54. The endwise movements of the bar 50 are not transmitted to the ring 49, which fits loosely around the bar and has its .inner engaging surface 64,- Fig. 4, rounded, so as to prevent any binding of thering and bar, due to angular variation ofthe latter as it is shifted bythe governor.

In operation after the turbine or motor has been brou `ht up to speed the wheel 53 will be shifted y the governor to the point where it will ride on the surface 56. As the load is brought on the speed of the governor will lower and the wheel will engage the s irai .I

portion 57 in the cam and be shifted and owered for intervals of varyin length until vunder full load it rides entire on surface 57. rIhe shifting 'of the controller-bar acts to swing theguide-nozzle from its position over the passage 33, so that it will discharge pressure into the passage 32 and will e'ect the pressure from passage 33. rIhis will ance the piston 20, causing it to move the valve to a closed position and cut the nozzle out of service. When the rod is lowered by the cam7 the 'et acts as shown in Fig. 1, where it will open t e valve, the valve beingshown intermediate its travel while opening.

In the drawings I have illustrated but one turbine nozzle and valve; but it will be understood that many of these may be used, and it will be obvious that the governing mechanism shown may control them all by simply providing connections to the pipes 39 and 40 and leading them through the several ends of the valve-motor cylinders.

The jet of controller fluid which enters the turbine through the nozzle 44 is about sufficient to voperate it under a friction load..

This pressure may be utilized in any other manner desired. The controlling mechanism shown may be used without a governor, in which event the controller-bar will be shifted manually. The speed of rotation of -the cam 54 may be as slow as is consistent with an eflicient governing operation.

Having thus described an illustrative embodiment of my invention, I desire to rotect the same without limitation to detai s of construction. l

What I claim is- 1. The combination, in a valve-controller mechanism., of'a rotatable cam, an actuatorbar supported by said cam and oscillated thereby, a governing means for shifting said unb al-l IOC IIO

bar, a loose ring carried by said bar, a pivoted controller-nozzle operatively connected to said ring and adapted to be turnedin its bearings by the oscillatory movements'imparted to said ring by said bar, anda valve whose operation is controlled by the'iluidpressure flowing through said nozzle. `l

. 2. The combination, in a valve-controller mechanism, of a rotatable actuator, a bar engaging said actuator and oscillated thereby, a governor-controlled device connected t'o said bar for shifting it lengthwise, a loose ring mounted on said bar which slips freely therethrough when shifted by said governor', a fluid-pressure-controller casing comprising said stream, having valve controlled by the a swinging nozzle, a stem for rocking said nozzle, and ,a lug or arm carried by said ring 'mission end, and an oblong discharge end.

4. In a fluid-pressure-controller mec-hanism, a controller-chamber, a jet-orifice through which a Astream of fluid-pressure enters said chamber, and a guide-nozzle for a substantially circular admission end and an oblong discharge end.

5. In a fluid-pressure-controller mechanism, a movable nozzle for discharging a jet of controller fluid into a conduit or conduits leading to valve-operating evices, said nozzle having a substantially circular admission end, and-an oblong narrow discharge end, substantially as describe 6. In a fluid-pressure-controller mechanism, a controller-chamber, a jetnozzle discharging a jet of fluid thereinto, a guide-nozzle formed with a substantially circular admission end disposed opposite to said et-nozzle and having its discharge end oblong, conduits for the controller-fluid pressure, and a pressure in said conduits.

7. In a fluid-pressure-controller mechanism, a fluid-controller chamber, a controllernozzle therein, conduits leading from said chamber to a valve-operating mechanism, a conduit through which pressure is discharged from said controller-chamber which is interposed between said valve-controller conduits, and means to adjust said nozzle to deliver a jet of fluid into said discharge-conduit and into one or the other of said controller-conduits.

8. In a controller mechanism, a controllerchamber, a plurality of conduits leading therefrom, :a controller-nozzle having an oblong elongated discharge-orifice which covers two or' more ports at'atime, and means to adjust said nozzleover said ports.

9. In a controller mechanism for turbinevalves, a pivoted jet-controller nozzle, controller-Huid conduits, a governor-controlled reciprocatory actuating means for said nozzle, and means to transform the reciprocatory movementinto the rotary movement and ap- -ply it to swinging said nozzle in its bearings.

10. In an elastic-fluidturbine, a nozzlepassage therefor having a fluid-adinission port, a valve movable toward said port to close it, a passage through said valve, a chamber behind the valve intowhich said fluidpressure supply enters only'through said Vpassage in the valve and assists said valve in closin and means to operate said valve.

.11. n an elastic-fluid turbine, a nozzlepassage therefor having a fluid-admission port, a valve movable toward said port to l close it, a passage through said valve, and achamber in which one end of said valve fits as only through said passage in the valve, said ing therethrough, means to maintain the iniseatedover said port, and means to operate said valve.

`passage, a pressure-supply port therefor, a valve movable against the pressure flowing through said port to close it, a passage through said valve, a chamber in which an stream of fluid banks up as valveis moved in -op'position thereto, said pressure cooperating with actuating means to close said valve.

14. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a nozzlepassage, a fluid-admission port therefor, a

stream of pressure to close said ports, a dashpot chamber within which the enlarged end of saidvalve is disposed, and operating devices connected to said valveV passage therefor, a fluid-admission port for said nozzle-passage, a valve movable across said nozzle-passage and adapted to seat against said `port to close it, a chamber in posed making a loose fit in said chamber, a recess in the rear head of said chamber into which a portion of said enlarged head enters with a dash-pot effect, and an operating-stem connected to said valve.

16. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a nozzlesupply passage, a fluid-admission port therefor, a valve having one end disposed in apreschamber through which said valve projects and seats against said admission-port, said port and opening being substantially oppositely disposed, a passageway through said valve, by means of which the supplylressure establishes itself in one end of said c amber behind the valve, a seat in said chamber which isenga ed by the enlarged head of said valve, when t hind the valve into the nozzle-supply passage, and means to actuate said valve.

1.7. In a turbine, a nozzle-supply passage, a fluid-admission port, a compound valve having one head movable across said passage and adapted to closesaid port and the other head disposed in a dash-pot chamber, means to dash-pot the valves movements. in both directions, and means to operate the valve.

passage, a supply-port therefor, a valve movable toward said port against the fluid flowtial supply-pressure behind -said valve whenv 13. In an elastic-fluid turbine, a nozzle y e latter is in its closed position, `I to prevent the leakage oie-this pressure bea piston and to which pressure has access pressure acting on the valve when seated to end of' said valve works and in which the differential hollow valve movable against the 15. In an elastic-fluid. turbine, a nozzlewhich an enlarged head of said valve is disf IOO sure-equalizing chamber, an opening-'in said IIO IIS y 18. In a turbine, a nozzle-supply passage,"

a duid-admission port therefor, a valve haying an'eniarged head disposed in a chamber, an opening in said eharnher through which the reduced portion of said valve passes to close said port, a limited leakage of pressure between said chamber and passage being provided for around said Vahle, a passage through said valve to maintain the high admission-pressure in said chamber behind the I valves enlarged head, chamber which is engaged by said enlarged a valve-seat in said In testimony whereof I' have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES WILKlNSON.

Witnesses:

OWEN GOODwiN, JAMES H-N0LAN. J 

